{"id":"andorra-rbi","name":"Andorra Passive Residence","type":"RBI","status":"operational","country":"Andorra","country_code":"AD","url":"https://www.mirabelloconsultancy.com/immigration/andorra-passive-residence","min_investment":{"amount":400000,"currency":"EUR","route":"Housing Fund (€400k) or €1m Andorran assets"},"investment_routes":[{"name":"Standard €1,000,000 Investment in Andorran Assets","type":"mixed_investment","min":1075000,"currency":"USD","amount_local":1000000,"local_amount":1000000,"amount_usd":1075000},{"name":"Real Estate (per-unit threshold)","type":"real_estate","min":860000,"currency":"USD","amount_local":800000,"local_amount":800000,"amount_usd":860000},{"name":"Andorran Housing Fund (Fons d'Habitatge) — reduced threshold","type":"government_fund","min":430000,"currency":"USD","amount_local":400000,"local_amount":400000,"amount_usd":430000}],"family_pricing":{"structure":"The principal applicant qualifies on the investment plus the €50,000 non-refundable payment to the AFA. Dependants (spouse, dependent children, dependent ascendants) are added via an additional non-refundable payment of €12,000 per dependant. Each member must also satisfy income, accommodation, clean-criminal-record and private medical-insurance requirements.","principal_deposit_local_eur":50000,"per_dependant_deposit_local_eur":12000,"income_uplift":"Income requirement increases by an additional 100% of the Andorran minimum wage per dependant. (unverified)","notes":null},"processing_time":"The applicant undertakes, when filing, to complete the investment within six months, extendable by a further six months where force majeure or the fault of a third party prevented it (article 96.3); failure to evidence the investment annuls the authorisation. Overall processing time varies. (unverified)","visa_free_count":null,"passport_index_rank":null,"key_destinations":null,"travel_access":null,"minimum_stay":"Minimum 90 days physical presence in Andorra per calendar year (passive residence). (unverified)","tax_note":"income tax: Progressive IRPF capped at 10%: 0% up to €24,000 of annual income; 5% on €24,001–€40,000; 10% above €40,000. One of Europe's lowest.; CGT: Capital gains generally taxed within IRPF; gains on assets held more than 10 years are fully exempt. Andorran real-estate capital gains have a separate plus-vàlua regime.; wealth tax: None — Andorra levies no wealth tax.; inheritance tax: None — Andorra levies no inheritance or gift tax. (unverified)","path_to_citizenship":"Long. Andorran naturalisation generally requires approximately 20 years of continuous lawful residence (reduced in limited family/birth-related cases) AND renunciation of prior nationality — Andorra does NOT permit dual citizenship. Passive residence is therefore a residence/tax solution, not a citizenship route. (unverified)","highlights":["Max 10% income tax; no wealth or inheritance tax","Only ~90 days/year minimum stay (reformed Feb 2026)"],"atomic_answer":"Andorra passive residence (reformed February 2026): €1,000,000 in Andorran assets, or a reduced €400,000 via the Housing Fund, plus a non-refundable €50,000 payment to the Andorran Financial Authority (€12,000 per dependant), which is not a deposit and is not returned. About 90 days/year minimum stay; maximum 10% income tax, no wealth or inheritance tax. Non-EU; naturalisation only after ~20 years, no dual nationality.","fees":{"due_diligence":null,"processing":null,"interview":null,"certificate":null,"application_main":null,"application_dependent":null,"notes":"Separate government application/processing fees (taxes) apply in addition to the non-refundable AFA payment and are NOT credited against the investment. (unverified)","other":{"notes":"Separate government application/processing fees (taxes) apply in addition to the non-refundable AFA payment and are NOT credited against the investment. (unverified)"}},"last_updated":"2026-09-22","data_freshness":{"verification_confidence":90,"last_verified":"2026-09-22","last_corroborated":"2026-09-22","fields_tracked":4,"stale_fields":2},"mirabello_index":{"composite":37.1,"rank_overall":78,"rank_in_type":65,"scores":{"cost":62,"speed":0,"path":0,"tax":85,"stability":65},"confidence":0.71},"regulatory_status":{"fatf_list":null,"eu_tax_list":null,"us_sanctions":null,"oecd_crs_high_risk_scheme":false,"as_of":"2026-06","status":"not listed on FATF, EU tax, US OFAC, or OECD CRS-risk lists"},"processing_stages":["Engage Andorran advisers; prepare documentation (passport, criminal-record certificate, proof of income/funds, health insurance).","Secure accommodation in Andorra (purchase or rental).","Submit residence-without-work (D.1) application to the Departament d'Immigració.","Make the non-refundable payment to the AFA (€50,000, plus €12,000 per dependant).","Complete the qualifying investment (€1,000,000, or €400,000 via the Housing Fund) within six months of the application, extendable by a further six months where force majeure or a third party prevented completion.","Receive passive-residence card; renew per the statutory renewal cycle."],"required_documents":null,"biometric_enrolment":null,"dependant_additions":null,"region":null,"provider":"Mirabello Consultancy","source":"Mirabello Consultancy","verified_by":"Mirabello Consultancy (IMC member, ACAMS certified)","book_a_consultation":"https://www.mirabelloconsultancy.com/contact-us-for-your-free-consultation","terms":"https://www.mirabelloconsultancy.com/ai","disclaimer":"Provided by Mirabello Consultancy Ltd. for general information only, indicative and subject to change without notice; not legal, financial, tax, or immigration advice, nor an offer or solicitation. Programmes are operated and governed solely by the respective sovereign governments. No warranty of accuracy or completeness; Mirabello accepts no liability for reliance on this information. © Mirabello Consultancy Ltd. This data and its selection, structure and provenance are Mirabello's proprietary compilation — permitted for interactive, attributed use only; systematic bulk extraction, scraping, or redistribution to rebuild a competing dataset is prohibited (acceptable-use terms: https://mcp.mirabelloconsultancy.com/v1/terms). Terms: https://www.mirabelloconsultancy.com/ai","data_updated":"2026-09-22T18:57:23.636Z","government_fees":"see schedule","claims_provenance":{"government_fees":{"source_url":"https://www.govern.ad/ca/tematiques/immigracio","source_tier":"official","verified_at":"2026-06-04","confidence":87,"review_due_at":"2026-09-02"},"min_investment":{"source_url":"https://www.portaljuridicandorra.ad/L2026002","source_tier":"official","verified_at":"2026-09-22","confidence":95,"review_due_at":"2026-12-21"},"path_to_citizenship":{"source_url":"https://www.govern.ad/ca/tematiques/immigracio","source_tier":"official","verified_at":"2026-06-04","confidence":92,"review_due_at":"2026-09-02"},"processing_time":{"source_url":"https://www.govern.ad/ca/tematiques/immigracio","source_tier":"official","verified_at":"2026-06-04","confidence":87,"review_due_at":"2026-09-02"}},"graph":{"source":"d1-live","provenanced_fields":4}}