{"id":"monaco-rbi","name":"Monaco Residence","type":"RBI","status":"operational","country":"Monaco","country_code":"MC","url":"https://www.mirabelloconsultancy.com/immigration/monaco-residence-permit","min_investment":{"amount":null,"currency":"EUR","route":"Residence by means (proof of sufficient means held in Monaco; no amount is published; not a fixed investment)"},"qualification_basis":"investment","investment_routes":[{"name":"Financially Independent Resident — Bank Deposit as Proof of Means","type":"bank_deposit_proof_of_means","min":null}],"family_pricing":{"model":"No per-applicant government investment; costs scale with accommodation size and bank deposit required for a larger household.","spouse":"Included; spouse files own carte de séjour application as part of the family relocation (proof of marriage required).","dependent_children":"Minor children included with the family; applicants aged 16+ apply for their own card. Adult children apply independently.","notes":"Accommodation must be large enough for the declared household. Any bank-reference sum is set by the bank (practitioner reports of higher expectations for larger families are not official). (unverified)"},"processing_time":"2–5 months from complete submission, subject to background checks (unverified)","visa_free_count":null,"passport_index_rank":null,"key_destinations":null,"travel_access":null,"minimum_stay":"NOT STATED BY ANY OFFICIAL SOURCE (checked 2026-09-18): neither gouv.mc nor Ordinance 3.153/1964 sets a days-per-year figure. The '~90 days/year' widely quoted is practitioner lore; treat as unverified and do not quote it to clients. The genuine-residence expectation itself is real (administrative, not codified statute); the separate residence certificate for tax purposes (Residency Section, EUR 600, valid one year) requires a valid permit and one or more of: residing in Monaco more than 183 days, principal professional establishment in Monaco, or spending the majority of the year there (MonServicePublic, updated 23 Dec 2024, read 2026-10-11).","tax_note":"income tax: 0% for resident individuals — Monaco levies NO personal income tax (since 1869). EXCEPTION: French nationals resident in Monaco after 13 October 1957 remain liable to French income tax under the 1963 Franco-Monegasque tax treaty.; wealth tax: None — Monaco has no annual wealth tax.; inheritance tax: 0% between spouses and in the direct line (parents/children); progressive rates apply to more distant relationships and unrelated beneficiaries (e.g. up to ~16% for unrelated persons) on Monaco-situated assets. (unverified)","path_to_citizenship":"Naturalisation possible only after at least 10 years of continuous residence, granted personally and discretionarily by the Sovereign Prince (no legal right even when criteria are met; no reasons given, no appeal; very rare — reportedly fewer than ~20 grants per year). Monaco does NOT permit dual citizenship — naturalised citizens must renounce prior nationality, so most HNW residents remain on the Carte Privilégié rather than naturalise. (unverified)","highlights":["Zero personal income tax (except French nationals)","No fixed investment — proof of means + accommodation"],"atomic_answer":"Monaco grants residence to financially independent persons with no fixed investment threshold: proof of accommodation, proof of sufficient means held in Monaco (no official text publishes an amount) and a clean record. Residents pay zero personal income tax, except French nationals under the 1963 treaty.","fees":{"due_diligence":null,"processing":null,"interview":null,"certificate":null,"application_main":null,"application_dependent":null,"notes":"Official card fees are nominal (tens of euros): first temporary resident card €80 (renewal €40); ordinary card €100 (renewal €50); privileged card €160 (renewal €80) — verified 2026-10-03 against MonServicePublic. The material cost of relocating is accommodation (Monaco rents commonly €3,000–€5,000+/month; purchase prices among the world's highest) and the retained bank deposit. (unverified)","other":{"currency":"EUR","source":"https://monservicepublic.gouv.mc/thematiques/nationalite-et-residence/residence/residents/la-carte-de-sejour (temporaire €80/€40, ordinaire €100/€50, privilégié €160/€80 verified 2026-10-03)","notes":"Official card fees are nominal (tens of euros): first temporary resident card €80 (renewal €40); ordinary card €100 (renewal €50); privileged card €160 (renewal €80) — verified 2026-10-03 against MonServicePublic. The material cost of relocating is accommodation (Monaco rents commonly €3,000–€5,000+/month; purchase prices among the world's highest) and the retained bank deposit. (unverified)"}},"last_updated":"2026-10-11","data_freshness":{"verification_confidence":68,"last_verified":"2026-06-04","last_corroborated":"2026-10-12","fields_tracked":4,"stale_fields":2,"fields_with_homepage_only_source":4},"mirabello_index":{"composite":70.7,"rank_overall":null,"rank_in_type":null,"scores":{"speed":96,"path":44,"tax":85,"stability":65},"confidence":0.57},"regulatory_status":{"fatf_list":"grey","eu_tax_list":null,"us_sanctions":null,"oecd_crs_high_risk_scheme":false,"as_of":"2026-06","note":"Factual status as published by the FATF and the EU Council. Inclusion reflects AML/CFT or tax-governance work programmes, changes regularly (several reputable jurisdictions have been listed and delisted), and its practical impact varies by use-case. Always linked to the official source.","sources":["https://www.fatf-gafi.org/en/publications/High-risk-and-other-monitored-jurisdictions/"]},"processing_stages":["1. Secure Monaco accommodation (registered tenancy agreement or property)","2. Gather proof of means (salary, professional income, pension, third-party support or a Monaco bank reference)","3. Non-EU/EEA: obtain a French long-stay visa","4. Submit the carte de séjour application to the Section des Résidents (Direction de la Sûreté Publique) with all supporting documents","5. Attend interview if requested; receive the Carte de Séjour Temporaire (1 year)"],"required_documents":null,"biometric_enrolment":null,"dependant_additions":null,"nationality_naturalisation":null,"retirement":{"route_name":"Monaco residence card (carte de séjour) for persons of independent means, no gainful activity","region":"Europe","tags":["retirement","passive-income"],"income_requirement":{"amount":null,"currency":"EUR","period":"month","basis":"either","per_dependant":null,"no_fixed_threshold":true,"note":"No fixed amount: no income threshold, savings figure or pension minimum is published, and sufficiency is judged on the file. Accepted evidence for the first card is salary, professional income, a proof of pension for retirees, support by a relative or partner, or sufficient savings judged by the Monaco bank giving the reference, where the sum depends on the banking establishment; a bank reference less than one month old in the approved format is required when savings are relied on. At renewal the pages list a last payslip, an activity authorisation or a Monaco bank reference as proof of means and do not list a pension proof. The EUR 500,000 to EUR 1,000,000 bank-deposit range quoted by advisers is practitioner-reported, appears on no official page, and is not recorded as a requirement. (unverified)"},"net_worth_or_deposit_option":null,"stay_requirement":{"days_per_year":null,"max_continuous_absence_days":null,"stated_by_official_source":false,"rule":"No minimum stay or absence cap in Ordonnance Souveraine 3.153/1964 or on the procedure pages. Genuine residence is still tested (art. 8 inquiry for the privileged card; accommodation proof at renewal; card returned eight days before leaving, art. 14).","note":"The 183-day test belongs to the separate residence certificate for tax purposes, not to holding the card."},"foreign_income_tax":{"treatment":"exempt","label":"No personal income tax: foreign income is not taxed.","note":"No personal income tax for residents other than French nationals, who remain liable to French income tax under the 1963 Bilateral Convention. The Government of Monaco states there has been no personal income tax since the Ordinance of 1869 and that the only direct tax is on industrial and commercial profits, which applies to commercial activities with more than 25% of turnover outside Monaco, not to private investors. No wealth tax, annual property tax or council tax. Individual capital gains are not listed by name; the 0% is inferred from the only direct tax being the business profit tax. Inheritance tax applies only to assets situated in Monaco: 0% in the direct line and between spouses, 8% siblings, 10% uncles, aunts, nephews and nieces, 13% other relatives, 16% unrelated persons. The exemption does not affect the rules of other States, so the home country may still tax; citizenship-based systems are not addressed by the Monaco pages. (unverified)","source":"https://monservicepublic.gouv.mc/en/themes/tax/information/general-information/tax-in-monaco","tax_residence_caveat":"Tax follows tax residence, not the permit: the treatment applies once you are tax-resident there. Information, not tax advice."},"path_to_pr":"No permanent residence status: temporary card (up to one year), then an ordinary three-year card after more than 3 years and a privileged ten-year card after at least 10 years, both on application (Ordonnance 3.153/1964 arts. 5 to 8).","path_to_citizenship":"Naturalisation after 10 years of residence is discretionary and requires renunciation of the previous nationality (MonServicePublic, acquiring Monegasque nationality), so dual nationality is not allowed. (unverified)","processing_note":"No processing time is published on the application or renewal pages; the applicant is invited to an individual interview once the file is admissible. Fees: first card EUR 80 (temporary), EUR 100 (ordinary), EUR 160 (privileged); renewal EUR 40, EUR 50 and EUR 80; late renewal EUR 50; duplicate EUR 80; residence certificate for tax purposes EUR 600. A criminal record extract less than three months old from the last country of residence in the previous five years and a sworn declaration are required; no medical check is listed. The card lets non-EEA holders travel within the Schengen Area without a short-stay visa. The 2 to 5 months estimate in older notes is not from an official source and is not recorded.","official_source":"https://monservicepublic.gouv.mc/en/themes/nationality-and-residency/residency/new-entrants/how-to-apply-for-a-residence-permit","legal_basis":"Ordonnance Souveraine n° 3.153 of 19 March 1964 on the conditions of entry and residence of foreigners in the Principality (consolidated text read, Legimonaco version of 26 June 2021): art. 1, art. 5 (temporary, ordinary and privileged cards), art. 6 (means of subsistence for the first card), art. 7 (renewal of the ordinary card on means), art. 8 (privileged card after inquiry), art. 14 (card void if conditions lapse; card returned eight days before leaving). MonServicePublic procedure pages (Residency Section, Police Department): how to apply for a residence permit (updated 25 September 2026) and how to renew (updated 30 September 2026).","as_of":"2026-10-11"},"golden_retirement":{"standard":"Mirabello Golden Retirement Index","applies_to":"Monaco residence card (carte de séjour) for persons of independent means, no gainful activity","tier":"partial","tier_label":"Partial: meets most of the standard, with one gap","score":53,"confidence_grade":"B","renewal_category":"every year, no permanent status","renewals_before_pr":null,"pillars":{"tax":22.5,"presence":8,"financial":9.5,"durability":2,"processing":2,"healthcare":3,"family_work_mobility":4,"pr_citizenship":2},"reasons":["Renewed every year, or renewal tied to spending the income locally"],"as_of":"2026-10-11","methodology_version":"1.1.0-2026-10-11"},"region":null,"family":{"id":"monaco-rbi","country_code":"MC","family_model":"not_stated","relatives":{"spouse":{"eligible":true,"unmarried_partner":null,"same_sex":null,"min_age_inclusive":null,"conditions":"KB: spouse files own carte de sejour application; marriage proof required. Not verified against official source."},"children":{"eligible":true,"max_age_inclusive":null,"age_rule_text":"KB: minor children included with the family; applicants aged 16+ hold their own card; adult children apply independently. Secondary sources: card mandatory over 16; at majority children must apply for their own card. No statute/official text found for the age rule.","age_measured_at":null,"adult_child_max_age_inclusive":null,"adult_child_conditions":"Adult children apply independently (KB)","step_adopted":null,"disabled_child_any_age":null,"age_bands_for_fees":null},"parents":{"eligible":null},"grandparents":{"eligible":null},"siblings":{"eligible":null},"other":{"eligible":null}},"timing":{"together_with_main_applicant":true,"add_later":null,"add_later_conditions":"KB: spouse and children relocate with the principal; accommodation must be sized for the declared household. Non-EU nationals need a French long-stay (establishment) visa first (secondary source; KB).","add_later_deadline":null,"after_approval_births_marriages":null,"age_out_during_processing":null},"costs":{"currency":"EUR","contribution_includes_family":"No government investment; bank reference deposit and accommodation scale with household (KB).","per_category":{"spouse":null,"child_under_18":null,"child_18_plus":null,"parent":null},"government_fees":[{"item":"First temporary residence card","amount":80,"currency":"EUR","applies_to":"per card holder (KB cites MonServicePublic, renewal 40)"},{"item":"Ordinary card","amount":100,"currency":"EUR","applies_to":"renewal 50 (KB)"},{"item":"Privileged card","amount":160,"currency":"EUR","applies_to":"renewal 80 (KB)"}],"due_diligence_per_adult":null,"notes":"Bank deposit typically around EUR 500,000, often up to EUR 1,000,000 for larger households (KB, bank practice, not law). Fees from KB; official page not re-fetched in this pass."},"dependants_status":{"residence_obligation":null,"work_rights":"Residence card does not confer right to work; separate work permit (KB)","independent_after":null,"citizenship_path":"none beyond discretionary naturalisation after 10 years (KB)","if_principal_divorces_or_dies":null},"verification":"machine-extracted","confidence":{"authority":0.3,"freshness":0.6,"textual_clarity":0.3},"evidence":[{"field":"costs.government_fees","basis":"KB-cited MonServicePublic card fees (not re-fetched this pass)","source_url":"https://monservicepublic.gouv.mc/thematiques/nationalite-et-residence/residence/residents/la-carte-de-sejour","source_tier":"B_official_guidance","verified_date":"2026-10-09"}],"conflicts":[],"gaps":["No official source located for family eligibility, child age limits, or parents","Age at which a child needs own card: sources say 16; official text not found","Whether unmarried/same-sex partners are eligible","Conjoint de Monegasque card fees and family-specific fees","Add-later routes and deadlines","Dependant status after divorce/death","Whether the official site lists a separate family-reunification procedure for dependants of a financially independent resident"],"last_checked":"2026-10-09","unsourced_basis":[{"field":"relatives","basis":"Mirabello KB kb-monaco-residency.json family_pricing (not independently verified against official source)"}]},"provider":"Mirabello Consultancy","source":"Mirabello Consultancy","verified_by":"Mirabello Consultancy (IMC member, ACAMS certified)","book_a_consultation":"https://www.mirabelloconsultancy.com/contact-us-for-your-free-consultation","terms":"https://www.mirabelloconsultancy.com/ai","disclaimer":"Provided by Mirabello Consultancy Ltd. for general information only, indicative and subject to change without notice; not legal, financial, tax, or immigration advice, nor an offer or solicitation. Programmes are operated and governed solely by the respective sovereign governments. No warranty of accuracy or completeness; Mirabello accepts no liability for reliance on this information. © Mirabello Consultancy Ltd. This data and its selection, structure and provenance are Mirabello's proprietary compilation — permitted for interactive, attributed use only; systematic bulk extraction, scraping, or redistribution to rebuild a competing dataset is prohibited (acceptable-use terms: https://mcp.mirabelloconsultancy.com/v1/terms). Terms: https://www.mirabelloconsultancy.com/ai","data_updated":"2026-10-12T19:35:18.892Z","government_fees":"see schedule","tax":"income tax: 0% for resident individuals — Monaco levies NO personal income tax (since 1869). EXCEPTION: French nationals resident in Monaco after 13 October 1957 remain liable to French income tax under the 1963 Franco-Monegasque tax treaty.; wealth tax: None — Monaco has no annual wealth tax.; inheritance tax: 0% between spouses and in the direct line (parents/children); progressive rates apply to more distant relationships and unrelated beneficiaries (e.g. up to ~16% for unrelated persons) on Monaco-situated assets. (unverified)","claims_provenance":{"government_fees":{"source_url":"https://monservicepublic.gouv.mc","source_tier":"official","verified_at":"2026-06-04","confidence":65,"review_due_at":"2026-09-02"},"path_to_citizenship":{"source_url":"https://monservicepublic.gouv.mc","source_tier":"official","verified_at":"2026-06-04","confidence":70,"review_due_at":"2026-09-02"},"processing_time":{"source_url":"https://monservicepublic.gouv.mc","source_tier":"official","verified_at":"2026-06-04","confidence":65,"review_due_at":"2026-09-02"},"tax":{"source_url":"https://monservicepublic.gouv.mc","source_tier":"official","verified_at":"2026-06-04","confidence":70,"review_due_at":"2026-09-02"}}}